Characterizing the bond properties of automatically placed helical reinforcement in 3D printed concrete

• Helical reinforcement screwed into fresh printed mortar has high mechanical interlock. Pull-out performance did not change when placed up to 200 min post deposition. is an effective way for reinforcing 3DCP structures. The incompatibility of 3D concrete printing (3DCP) with conventional methods well known. Recently, solutions have suggested the insertion helical rods through a screwing motion freshly material. current study focuses on bond properties such and its relation placement time relative age, which until now hardly any data exists. Confined pull-out tests micro-computed tomography (?CT) scans were performed characterize time-dependent automatically screw-type in range 0–200 after material An experimental program was carried out using gantry type printer robotic hand Automated Screwing Device automate process. In total specimens produced tested pull-out. ?CT done quantify air content vicinity reinforcement, every other stamp. Two different screw geometries used. A interlock achieved resulting strength confined tests. It concluded from that influenced significantly by application deposition frame min. This firmly positions applied as viable method reinforce